Phytogenic extracts including curcumin and milk thistle offer poultry producers a multi-faceted strategy for reducing mycotoxin-induced immune damage, according to research presented at the International Production & Processing Expo (IPPE).
Insaf Riahi, technical director for Bionte Animal Nutrition, outlined how these plant-based compounds combat mycotoxins' effects on poultry immune systems through multiple mechanisms including oxidative stress reduction, inflammatory response modulation, and intestinal integrity maintenance.
"The immune system is the first target of mycotoxins," Riahi said. "There are two concepts: immunostimulation and immunosuppression."
Curcumin, derived from turmeric, demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects while supporting immunity through T-cell modulation and regulation of CD4+ and B cell differentiation, Riahi explained. Research shows the extract reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production, increases beneficial gut bacteria populations, and enhances lymphoid organ development including the Bursa of Fabricius and spleen.
Milk thistle extract provides complementary benefits through liver detoxification and oxidative stress reduction. Scientific studies document the extract's ability to reduce endotoxin damage while supporting immune organ health, Riahi said.
Both extracts increase antibody titers following vaccination, potentially improving disease protection even when birds face mycotoxin challenges that typically suppress immune response.
Riahi emphasized the need for expanded research on emerging and modified mycotoxins beyond common varieties like aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A. The immune system's complexity requires ongoing study to fully understand mycotoxin impacts and mitigation strategies, she said.
The research supports phytogenic extracts as a practical approach for reducing mycotoxin toxicity's negative effects on poultry production.
